Method for producing molded tires



Feb. 11, 1969 I 5, w, RF 3,427,213

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED TIRES Original Filed Aug. 5, 1965 Sheet of 8 I 3/8 r/O 25 /5 22 35-- 24 -23 '/4 1 Q 1 2h i L x 52 INVENTOR. STERLING W. ALDERFER ATTORNEYS Mi M 1969 s. w. QALDERFER ,213

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED TIRES Original Fi led Aug. 5, 1965 Sheet 2 of 8 FIG. 5 37 64 INVENTOR. STERLING w. AL DERFER A TTORNEYS Feb. 11,1969 5, w, ALDERFER 3,427,213

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED TIRES Original Filed Aug. z, 1955 Sheet 3 L FIG.7

73 f 54 56\ J72 7/8 63 z 74 5 53 Ir--35 a.\ I 704 I 69 62 52 55 INVENTOR. 5/ STERLING w. ALDERFER ATTORNE Y5 Feb. 11, 1969 5, w, ALDERFER 3,427,213

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED TIRES Original Filed Aug. 3, 1965 Sheet 4 of 8 40 W} i E26 INVENTOR. STERLING W. ALDERFER ATTORNEYS Feb. 11, 1969 s. w. ALDERFER 3,427,213

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED TIRES Original Filed Aug. 3, 1965 Sheet 5 of8 FIG. 12 I INVENTOR. STERLING W. ALDERFEH WzM ATTORNEYS 1969 sfw. ALDERFER METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED TIRES Original Filed Aug. 5, 1965 ///r/%yy F/(G. I6

F [5 STERLING Wffim 4 T TORNEYS Feb. 11, 1969 s w ALDERFER 3,427,213

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED TIRES INVENTOR. STERLING W ALDERF'ER FIG. I MTM A TTORNEYS Feb. 11, 1969 s. w. ALDERFTER 3,427,213

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED TIRES Original Filed Aug. 3, 1965 Sheet 8 of 8 FIG. l9

INVENTOR. STERL 1N6 H. ALDERFER BY W2% A TTORNEYS United States Patent 3,427,213 METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED TIRES Sterling W. Alderfer, Akron, Ohio, assignor to Sterling Alderfer Company, Akron, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Original application Aug. 3, 1965, Ser. No. 476,907, now Patent No. 3,379,236, dated Apr. 23, 1968. Divided and this application Feb. 23, 1967, Ser. No. 632,860 U.S. Cl. 156-129 6 Claims Int. Cl. B29h 17/10, 17/34 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A pneumatic tire and method for making same. The tire comprises at least two opposed sections molded of elastomeric material. Each section has an annular mounting base at the radially innermost extent thereof and side Walls which extend radially outwardly of the mounting base. The radially outer extremity of the side wall terminates in a transverse joinder flange. Serrated interlocking means are provided to join the joinder flanges on two opposed tire sections so that a tread is presented. To mold these tire sections a cavity of generally sickle-shaped cross section is formed in a mold. Reinforcing materials are positioned at selected locations within this sickle-shaped cavity, and the elastomeric material from which the tire is to be made is introduced into the cavity and cured. Two such molded sections are joined to form the tire, the tread section being either separate or integral with one of the sections so molded.

This application is a divisional application of my prior copending application, Ser. No. 476,907, filed Aug. 3, 1965, now U.S. Patent No. 3,379,236.

The present invention relates generally to tire construction and manufacture. More particularly, the present invention relates to molded pneumatic tires. Specifically, the present invention relates to an inflatable tire formed by the joinder of unique, molded sections.

Pneumatic tires are complex structures developed in the face of countless problems. Many of these problems arise from combining several highly dissimilar materials into an integrally functioning article. The typical pneumatic tire is epitomized by its generally horseshoe-shaped cross section. The majority of the tire consists of a textile, such as cotton, rayon or nylon, fabric intermixed with a vulcanized rubber, or equivalent, compound. Additional wear resistant rubber, or substitutes therefor, form the tread portion which contacts the road, and the radially innermost or head portion of the tire-that corresponding to the heels of the horseshoe-contains a stranded Wire ring, or grommet, for maintaining that portion of the assemblage inextensible.

Such tires are laboriously made by wrapping plies of the rubber coated textile fabric onto a tire building drum with the bead grommet suitably positioned and enclosed by the plies. At this stage the future tire looks like an endless belt and is called a tire band. After removal from the drumlike tire building machine, the tire hand must be shaped into its familiar toroidal form and cured.

Not only does this entire process require highly paid skilled labor, expensive machinery and considerable time, but is also subject to numerous dangerous and expensive errors. For example, misplacement of the bead grommet onto the tire building machine results in a tire band which is out-of-round. Tires formed from such bands have bunching of the fabric on one side and overly stretched fabric on the other, each such distortion of the fabric being capable of causing premature tire failure.

Less obvious but equally as deleterious, simply mishandling the tire band, after it is formed and prior to shaping, can cause actual tire failure during service. Permitting the tire band to lie fiat, to hang on too slender a support, to be folded, or to be subjected to the weight of an external object constitutes mishandling. Any of these things will cause the bead grommet to kink, and once the bead is kinked there is no feasible way of straightening it. The danger occurs when the kinked bead is cured into the tire.

Even improperly putting the tire band into the shaping and curing press or improperly removing it can cause irreparable dam-age. And, after the tire has successfully survived the various pitfalls of the necessary manufacturing operation, it is still subject to the hazard of careless mounting onto the rim with which it will be used. Any attempt forcefully to pry or drive the bead over the rim flanges may cause the bead wire to kink or separate from the rubber and fabric with which it is surrounded. Kinking of the head can result in localizing the stresses to which the head is subjected and even itself result in separation of the grommet from the fabric. Localization of the stresses eventually crystallizes the wire so that failure may result at that point. Separation may cause failure of the bead by permitting corrosion, but even more dangerous, a bead grommet that has separated from the surrounding fabric will generate sufiicient heat to char and completely destroy the fabric.

Tire manufacturers are fully aware of these difficulties and are continually searching for methods and materials to eliminate any, or all, of these drawbacks. One prior known atempt to avoid all these difiiculties involved molding the tire in its toroidal shape. This attempt utilized polyurethane, but the experiment failed because polyurethane has the inherent tendency to grow. The tires so molded did just that. They stretched until the tire was too big for the wheel and wheel well. They eventually outgrew the rim flanges and could not be retained on the wheel and even, in some cases, stretched to the point where they rubbed the fenders on turns.

It is therefore a primary object of the present invention to provide a pneumatic tire construction and a method whereby the tire can be molded from an elastomeric material, even polyurethane, so that it will maintain its size within acceptable tolerances.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a tire and a method, as above, which utilizes a bead reinforcement not subject to the deleterious kinking incident to wire grommet bead reinforcement when used with prior art forms.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a tire and method, as above, whereby two or more molded sections can be uniquely joined into a toroidal shape quickly and inexpensively.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a tire, as above, which can be either tubed or tubeless.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a tire, as above, which may be adapted for selective tread interchange.

It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a tire, as above, which may be compactly stored prior to mounting and which is usable under a wide variety of conditions.

It is an even further object of the present invention to provide a tire, as above, which is readily mounted on a standard, flat base or drop center, rim and can also be as readily mounted on a wide base rim.

These and other objects of the invention, as well as the advantages thereof over existing and prior art forms, will be apparent in view of the following detailed description of the attached drawings and are accomplished by means hereinafter described and claimed.

One preferred and two alternative tire constructions, together with the preferred form of the method by which such tires can be made are shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings and hereinafter described in detail without attempting to show all of the various forms and modifications in which the invention might be embodied; the invention being measured by the appended clams and not by the details of the specification.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross section taken through one form of a pneumatic, tubed tire constructed according to the concept of the present invention and a portion of a flat, wide base rim on which it is mounted;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the core used to mold a tire section of the tire depicted in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 with a reinforcing belt of inextensible material positioned thereon;

FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 with a circularly knit reinforcing sleeve stretched about the core;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross section taken substantially on line 55 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the mold used to mold a tire section of the tire depicted in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross section taken substantially on line 77 of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross section taken diametrically through the assembled mold and core to show the mold cavity for forming the tire section in cross section with the inextensible cloth and sleeve reinforcing means positioned therein;

FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 depicting the tire section molded;

FIG. 10 is a cross section through a molded tire section after it has been removed from the mold;

FIG. 11 is a top plan of an assembled mold and core used to form the tread section of the tire depicted in FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged elevation taken substantially on line 1212 of FIG. 11 depicting the separable hinge for the tread forming core;

FIG. 13 is a cross section taken substantially on line 1313 of FIG. 11 to show the mold cavity for forming the tread section in cross section and with an inextensible reinforcing cloth positioned therein;

FIG. 14 is a view similar to FIG. 13 depicting the tread section molded;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the molded tread section after it has been removed from the mold;

FIG. 16 is a cross section taken substantially on line 1616 of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a frontal elevation, partly in section and partly broken away, depicting two opposing tire sections and a tread section interfitted prior tubed inflation;

FIG. 18 is a partial cross section depicting one form of joining two tire sections for tubeless inflation; and

FIG. 19 is a view similar to FIG. 1 depicting an alternate embodiment of a tire molded according to the concept of the present invention in two pieces.

In general, a tire embodying the concept of the present invention is basically comprised of two molded tire sections which, when paired in either mated or opposed relation, form a tire carcass. Each carcass section is annular with a generally sickle-shaped configuration in cross section and has a radially inner mounting base defining the head portion for engaging the flange of the rim on which the tire is mounted. A side wall extends radially outwardly from the mounting base and terminates in a generally transverse, axially oriented, joinder flange, which also defines the cushion for carrying the encircling annular tread portion.

A variety of means may be provided for securing the joinder flanges on opposed tire sections to complete the tire. In any event, when so joined the tire assumes the conventional toroidal shape and has the usual tread surface for engagement with the roadway. Such a tire can be manufactured inexpensively and easily from an elastomeric material molded in an annular cavity of the aforementioned generally sickle-shaped cross section. For those materials which do not retain their molded size, inextensible reinforcing cloth is incorporated not only within the mounting base and joinder flange portions of the tire section but also within the tread portion of constructions employing a third, or tread, section. To reinforce the side wall portion, a non-puckering circular knit sleeve may be incorporated therein.

Turning now to the drawings for a more detailed description of the invention, one form of the subject tire is indicated generally by the numeral 10 in FIG. 1 and is depicted mounted on a rim 11. The rim 11 is of the wide base style and is formed from two sections each having a web 12 terminating in a radially inwardly directed flange 13 by which the two sections can be joined together and by which the rim can be mounted on a wheel (not shown). At the opposite end of each web is a radially inclined bead seat 14 terminating in a radially directed bead flange 15. Such a rim is well-known to the art and is frequently used on motorized golf carts, industrial vehicles and the like.

The tire 10, as depicted in FIG. 1, is molded in three interfitting partstwo tire carcass sections 17 and 18 and a tread section 19-and inflated by a tube 20 with the usual valve 21 extending through the web 12 of one of the rim sections. Each tire section has an annular mounting base 22 on the radially inner portion thereof for cooperatively engaging the rim 11. In order to adapt this new tire to existing rim constructions, the mounting base 22 may be provided with a generally axially oriented foot surface 23 to engage the standard bead seat 14, and the outer wall 24 of the mounting base 22 may be formed to engage the standard bead flange 15 for axial retention of the mounting base 22 on the rim 11.

Each tire section 17 and 18 also has a side wall 25 curving radially outwardly and away from the mounting base 22 and terminating in an annular, generally transverse, axially oriented joinder flange 26. In the tire form depicted in FIG. 1 the radially outer surface of each joinder flange 26 is provided with a plurality of circumferential serrations 28. Each serration 28 has an axially inclined lead-in wall 29 and a radially directed stop wall 30 facing the side wall 25. The serrations 28 on the two tire sections 17 and 18 matingly engage corresponding serrations 31 on the radially inner surface 32 of the annular tread section 19.

The serrations 31A on the half of the tread section 19 engaged by the serrations 28 on tire section 17 are oppositely disposed to the serrations 31B on that half of the tread section 19 engaged by the serrations 28 on tire section 18 so that they interact to lock the sections together upon inflation of the tube 20.

The radially outer surface of the tread section 19 may be provided with any desired tread design. As shown, a plurality of circumferentially spaced, axially oriented ribs 34 provide excellent traction on sand and are equally as efiicient on grass. Different tread designs may be used as required for different purposes.

The carcass, or tire, sections 17 and 18, as Well as the tread sections 19, can be selectively molded from any suitable elastomeric material. For those materials which are dimensionally stable, the sections need only be molded of the material itself and assembled. However, when using a material which is dimensionally unstable in that it grows, certain reinforcing of the molded sections is required. Referring to FIG. 1, the mounting base 22 incorporates a reinforcing means, or belt of cloth, 35 which, at least circumferentially, must be as inextensible as possible to retain the mounting base 22 on the rim 11. The joinder flange 26 and the tread section 19 also incorporate reinforcing belts 37 and 38, respectively, which provide the dimensional stability necessary to retain the tread portion 19 on the sections 17 and 18 as well as allow for complete interchangeability in the components. In this way, should any component become damaged through severe use it would be necessary to replace only the damaged component and not the entire tire.

Preferably the belt 37 should allow minimum growth laterally, but may allow some growth circumferentially so that the joinder flanges can expand completely into the tread portion 19. The tread portion 19 will then be relied upon to stabilize the circumferential dimension and will therefore require that belt 38 be substantially inextensible circumferentially. Belt 38 will need to be substantially inextensible laterally, as well, in order to impart the strength necessary for the tread section 19 to hold the tire sections 17 and 18 together. However, for ease of manufacture the reinforcing belts 35, 37 and 38 may be of the same material.

It has been found that square weave cloth, preferably of rayon, although such materials as nylon, glass, wire and the like work quite well, is capable of providing the desired strengths. A square weave cloth having a denier and material chosen for the use to which the tire is to be put provides primary strength in directions parallel to both the warp and fill strands. Thus, if the belt 38 of woven fabric is positioned with the warp strands extending 'annularly around the tread section 19 they supply the requisite circumferential reinforcement and the fill strands supply the desired dimensional stability laterally. The belts 35 and 37 are similarly positioned in the mounting base 22 and the joinder flange 26, respectively.

It should also be noted that the square woven reinforcing cloth should be a loose weavei.e., an open weave with interstices between the parallel warp strands and the parallel fill strands. Such a weave provides a very high adhesion strength between the cloth and the elastomeric material because the elastomeric material can readily penetrate the interstices between the strands to form an homogenous bond therethrough. For most applications this mechanical bonding of the elastomeric material through the interstices will be sufficient. However, it can well be envisioned that for some applications it may be necessary additionally to roughen the fibers themselves to permit an additional mechanical bonding directly to the fiber. Or, when little or no chemical bonding obtains between the continuous filaments forming the strands of the cloth heretofore described it may also be desirable, for some applications, to treat the cloth woven of continuous filaments with a cement to create a bond between the filaments themselves and the elastomeric material.

For reinforcing the side wall 25, the square woven cloth described above is impractical since it would not conform to the three dimensional shape of the side wall without puckering. Hence, the side wall 25 may be reinforced by a sleeve 40 of circularly knit fabric. The twoway stretch inherent to circularly knit fabric permits it to conform completely to the shape of the side wall 25 merely by stretching and without any puckering. Here too, a mechanical bonding of the sleeve 40 to the elastomeric material is obtained primarily by the elastomeric material which passes through the interstices of the weave, and additional bonding, if necessary, may be obtained by the use of fibrous strands or coating, as described above. It should also be noted that the elastomeric material which extends through the interstices of the knit tends to lock the knit so that the previously two-way stretch fabric is stabilized.

The sleeve 40 may also be square woven in the form of a tube. With this weave the strands longitudinally of the tube would be substantially inextensible and the pick strands-i.e., the strands extending transversely of the longitudinal strands and circumferentially of the tube-- would be very elastic. A weave of this type would not only allow the sleeve 40 to conform to the shape of the side wall without puckering, but would also impart lateral inextensibility to the arch portion 26 so that the reinforcing belt 37 could be selectively eliminated.

To make a tire 10, a core 50 conforming to the desired interior surface of the tire section 17 and/or 18 is fabricated to interfit with the mold 51 so as to define a cavity '52 (FIG. 8) of generally sickle-shaped cross section. The cavity 52 thus formed has three areas-a tang portion 53, in which the mounting base 22 will be formed; an arch portion 54, which the joinder flange 26 will be formed; and, an annular connecting portion 55, in which the side wall 25 will be formed. The core 50 has a face 56 of generally cylindrical configuration which comprises the radially inner boundary of the arch portion 54 of cavity 52. At one end of the face 56 a suitable flange 58 extends radially outwardly. The shoulder surface 59 on flange 58, upon abutment with a similar surface 60 on the mold flange 61 defines the extent to which the core 50 may be inserted into the mold 51. The opposite end of the arch face 56 rounds into the generally radially oriented connecting face 62 which comprises the axially inner boundary of the connecting portion 55 of cavity 52. At the radially innermost extent of the connecting face 62 the core 50 presents a tang face 63 which comprises at least a portion of the radially outermost boundary of the tang portion 53 of cavity 52.

To reinforce the joinder flange 26 of the tire section an endless belt 37 of substantially inextensible cloth is required in the arch portion 54 of cavity 52. This is conveniently accomplished by encircling the arch face 56 with such a belt 37, as shown in FIG. 3.

Convenience is also served if the sleeve 40 comprising the reinforcement for the side wall 25 is stretched not only through the connection portion 55 of the cavity 52 but the entire cavity. To do this, one need only hook one end of a length of circularly knit fabric over the core flange 58 and stretch it across the arch face 56, connecting face 62 and tang face 63 to and through the central axial opening 64 in core 50 (FIGS. 4 and 5). A seating ring 65 is removably receivable in a notch 66 extending between the opening 64 and the tang face 63 to pinch the sleeve 40 extending beyond the tang face 63 and thereby maintain it in its stretched position while the core 50 is inserted into the mold 51. A sleeve 40 square woven in the form of a tube, as described above, would be similarly applied.

The mold 51 provides the desired exterior surface for the tire section 17 and/or 18 and has an arch face 68, connecting face 69 and tank face 7 0 oppositely disposed to the core arch face 56, core conecting face 62 and core tang face 63, respectively, for defining the arch portion 54, connecting portion 55 and tank portion 53 of the cavity 52. As can best be seen in FIGS. 7 and 8, the mold tang face 70 has a generally axially disposed section 70A against which the foot 23 of the mounting base 22 is formed and a generally radially disposed section 70B against which the outer wall 24 of the mounting base 22 is formed.

The mold connecting face 6 9 curves radially outwardly and away from the mold tang face 70 and provides the desired outer surface for the side wall 25. The mold connecting face 69 terminates in the axially oriented mold arch face 68 which presents a plurality of annular grooves 71 by which the serrations 28 on the arch portion 26 of the tire sections are formed. The axially inclined surface 71A of the groove forms the lead-in wall 29 and the radially directed surface 71B forms the stop wall 30.

The reinforcing belt 35 may conveniently be positioned within the tang portion 53 of the cavity 52 by placing it around the annular mold tang face 7 0, as shown in FIG. 7, before the core 50 is inserted into the mold 51. Then, when the core is inserted into the mold, as shown in FIG. 8, the inextensible reinforcing belt 35 will be positioned in the tang portion 53 of the cavity 52, the inextensible reinforcing belt 37 will be positioned in the arch portion 54 and the circularly knit sleeve 40 will be stretched across at least the connecting portion 55. As noted above, the abutting surfaces 59 and 60 on flanges 58 and 61 control the extent to which the core 50 may enter the mold 51. Lateral positioning of the core 50 within the mold 51 may be secured by engagement of the central axially directed hub portion 72 of the mold 51 with the central opening 64 through the core 50. As shown, ease of joinder is accomplished by utilizing a slightly conical taper on the hub portion 72 and mating opening 64. The radially inner surface 73 of the seating ring 65 is similarly tapered to provide an engagement between the ring 65 and hub portion 72 sufficient to retain the elastomeric material within the cavity 52 until it sets, or cures.

The beveled face 74 on ring 65 forms a continuation of the core tang face 63 and bounds therewith the radially outer side of the tang portion 53 of the cavity 52 in which the mounting base 22 is formed.

The cavity 52 may be charged with elastomeric material 75, as shown in FIG. 9, in any desired fashion.

It has been found that a satisfactory elastomeric material would be -a urethane elastomer. These are produced through the reaction of certain polyisocyanates and polyhydroxy compounds to form a long chain, essentially linear macromolecules which are conventionally chain extended and cross linked to complete the reaction. Such conventional urethane elastomers are generally prepared by casting techniques in which polyesters and/or polyethers, polyisocyanates and chain extenders are mixed together in liquid state at elevated, or room, temperatures and poured into molds. After a period of solidification the molds may be opened and the solid elastomer removed. Complete curing of the green elastomer may be accomplished by leaving it in the mold for a period of time beyond that required to solidify, or the green elastomer may be removed and cured by circulating hot air around it.

Plasticizers may be added to increase the flexibility and reduce hardness. Similarly, pigments may be added, as desired, for color control.

Urethane elastomers oifer high tensile strength and have outstanding abrasion, cut and tear resistance; excellent solvent resistance, particularly to gasoline; low air permeability; exceptionally low temperature flexibility; and, resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons.

After the elastomeric material 75 has set, or cured, the mold 51 and core 50 are separated and a molded tire section '17 or 18 is removed. Upon removal, the tire section has the sickle-shaped cross section depicted in FIG. with the excess, or selvage, sections 76 and 77 of the sleeve 40 extending outwardly of the mounting base 22 and arch portion 26, respectively, thereof. The excess sections 76 and 77 are preferably removed prior to assembly as a tire.

A tire such as that depicted in FIG. 1 also requires a tread section 19. The tread section 19 being merely a hooplike band it may readily be molded in a tread mold 80 and tread core 81 as shown in FIGS. 11-14. For the particular tread design depicted on the tire 10 the cylindrical mold 80 has a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinal grooves 82 on the radially inner surface 83 thereof. The grooves 82 extend axially downwardly from the top '84 of the tread mold '80 and terminate in spaced relation above the base surface 85.

The core 81 is cooperatively positioned interiorly of the mold 80 and is collapsible for ease of removal after the tread portion 19 has been molded. As shown, the tread core 81 may comprise a plurality of arcuate portions 81A, 81B, 81C and 81D suitably hinged to fold radially inwardly to a collapsed position. Each of the hinges 86 may be substantially the same and for that reason only the one between arcuate portions 81A and 81D will be described in detail. Hinge 86 comprises a pair of spaced apart, parallel brackets 88 and 89 attached to and extending circumferentially beyond the radially inner side 90 of the arcuate core portion 81A. Brackets 88 and 89 embrace a radially inwardly extending lug 91 attached to 8 the radially inner surface 92 of the arcuate core portion 81D. The brackets 88 and 89 together with the lug 91 have registered bores 93, 94 and 95, respectively, for receiving a pin 96 at least when the core 81 is in expanded annular position within the mold 80.

At the joint where the arcuate portions separate to effect the collapse of the core 81, for example, between portions 81A and 81D, the adjoining ends 98 and 99 of portion 81A and 81D, respectively, are radially inclined toward the lug 91 to permit the portion 81A to rotate away from the portion 81D without any binding restriction. Then too, the pin 96 of that joint must be removable.

To prevent binding at the remainder of the joints the radially outer corner of the bracket extending beyond the arcuate core portion to which it is attached must be rounded, and the radial inclination of the opposed edges of the core portions should be reversed. For example, referring to the joint :between arcuate portions 81A and 81B, the radially outer corners 100 on brackets 88 and 89' must 'be rounded and the adjoining ends 101 and 102 are radially inclined toward the brackets 88' and 89' rather than the lug 91', The .pin 96' in this type joint need not be removable.

The radially outer side of the core 81 has a radially extending peripheral shoulder 103 adjacent the base surface 104, which engages the radially inner surface 83 of the mold 80 to space the core 81 a proper distance inwardly of the mold 80 and retain the molding material within the cavity 105 formed between the mold and core.

Upwardly of the shoulder 103 the outer side of the core 81 is divided into an upper zone 106 and 'a lower zone 107. The upper zone 106 has a plurality of annular indentations of angular cross section chased therein to form the serrations 31A on the radially inner surface 32 of the tread section 19. The axially inclined sides 108 of the indentations form the lead-in walls 109 and the radially directed sides 110 form the stop walls 111 which mate with the corresponding lead-in walls 29 and stop walls 30 on the arch portion 26 of the tire section 17.

The lower zone 107 is provided with a plurality of similar annular indentations to form the serrations 31B on tread section 19. Hence, the axially inclined surfaces 112 and the radially directed surfaces 113 are oppositely disposed. As can :be seen in FIG. 13, the radial surfaces 110 and 113 are faced axially away from each other so that the stop walls 111 and 114, respectively, formed thereby will be forced into mating engagement with the respective stop walls 30 on the opposed tire sections 17 and 18 when the tire 10 is inflated.

With the tread mold '80 and core 81 interfitted, as shown in FIG. 13, the inextensible annular reinforcing cloth .belt 38 is positioned in the cavity 105 therebetween and a charge of elastomeric material 115 is introduced into the cavity 105, as depicted in FIG. 14. With such a mold and core construction the elastomeric material can simply be poured into the open top of the cavity 105.

After the elastomeric material has set or cured, the pin 96 is removed, the core 81 is collapsed and extracted from the mold 80 and the molded tread section is removed.

Two tire sections 17 and 18, as molded in the mold 51 and core 50, a tread section 19, as molded in the mold 80 and core 81, a tube 20 and a rim 11 are assembled, as depicted in FIG. 17, and the tube 20 inflated through valve 21 to complete the tire 10. The pneumatic pressure extends the arches 26 of the tire sections .17 and 18 outwardly into locking engagement with the tread section 19, and, as a result of the mating of serrations 31A on tread section 19 with serrations 28 on tire section 17 and of serrations 31B on tire section 19 with serrations 28- on tire section 18 the components of the tire are held together.

In such a construction not only may the components be individually replaced, but equally as important, the characteristics of the components may be customized for the particular use intended-Le, the tire sections 17 and 18 may be made more or less flexible depending upon the ride characteristics desired, and the tread section 19 may be manufactured to a selective hardness depending upon the frictional and wear characteristics desired.

Moreover, such a tire may be made tubeless simply by sealingly joining the opposed arch ends of the tire sections. As shown in FIG. 18, the ends of the arch portion 226 of each of the tire sections 217 and 218 terminate in a head 21-6. The contiguous surfaces 220A and 220B on the heads 216 may be sealed together by an adhesive means, electronic seal or any other means compatible with the particular elastomeric material being used. With the tire sections 217 and 218 thus joined no tube is required and the sections themselves may be mounted on a suitable rim (not shown) and inflated.

While it may 'be suitable for some uses to provide the radially outer surface of the arches 226 on tire sections 217 and 218 with a tread design, many applications will be more satisfactorily served by employing a separable tread section 219' retained on the joined tire sections 217 and 218 by interfitting serrations 228 and 231 similar to those utilized in conjunction with the tire 10. Furthermore, with such a construction the connection between the tread section 219 and tire sections 217 and 218 relieves the stress imparted to the joinder of the heads 216.

It should also be apparent that by attaching the tread section 219 to the tire sections 217 and 218 simply through the interfitting of the serrations 228 and 231, the tread section 219 may be readily replaceable if worn or damaged. However, for some purposes it maybe desirable to affix the tread section permanently. It has been found that when the tread section 219 is permanently attached to the tire sections 217 and 218, as by adhesive means, vents 221 should be provided radially through the tread section 219 to permit escape of the air entrapped within the serrations. Naturally, the most advantageous location for the vents 221 is at the radially outermost extent of the serrations 23.1, as shown in phantom in FIG. 18.

A further modification of the present invention comprises a two-piece molded tire 3 10. In view of the very detailed disclosure set forth above, a perusal of FIG. 19 readily reveals that for such 'a construction the two tire sections 317 and 318 are not identical, as in the other modifications described. Accordingly, they are not formed in the same mold. However, upon gaining an understanding of the preferred construction for tire 310 the changes to be effected for a second mold and core will be readily apparent.

Tire section 317, as in its counterpart tire 10, has a mounting base 322 from which a side wall 325 curves radially outwardly to terminate in an axially oriented arch portion 326. The radially outer surface of the arch portion 326 is provided with a plurality of parallel, circumferential serrations 328 having an axially inclined 1ead-in wall 329 and a radially directed stop wall 330 which faces the side wall 325.

Tire section 31 8 also has a mounting base 322 at the radially inner extent thereof from which a side wall 325 extends radially outwardly. However, the arch portion 326 extending axially from the radially outwardly terminus of the side wall portion 325 is decidedly different from the arch portion 326 on tire section 317.

On the radially inner side of the arch portion 326' are a plurality of parallel, annular serrations 328' also having an axially inclined lead-in wall 329' and a radially directed stop wall 330 which faces the side wall 325 of tire section 318. As such, the serrations 328' on tire sections 318 are oppositely disposed to the serrations 328 on tire section 317 and are matingly engageable therewith.

On the radially outer side of the arch portion 326 a suitable tread 319 is incorporated having the thickness desired.

Arch portions 326 and 326' both include circumferentially and axially inextensible reinforcing belts 337.

Similarly too, the mounting bases 322 have circumferentially inextensible reinforcing belts 335 and the side walls 325 may have reinforcing sleeves 340. In addition to the reinforcing means similar to those utilized with tire 10, the two-piece tire 310 may require further reinforcing stabilization at the tip 327 of the arch 326' to counteract the centrifugal forces to which it will be subject. For that reason the tip 327 of the tire 310 depicted in FIG. 19 has an additional reinforcing belt 347 molded therein. The belt 347 may be made of the inextensible cloth from which the belts 335 are fabricated, but here too different uses may dictate differing reinforcement.

Another satisfactory mode of reinforcing the tire 310 can utilize the sleeve 40 square woven in the form of a tube with the strands longitudinally of the tube being substantially inextensible and the pick strands transversely thereof being elastic, as described earlier. With the substantially inextensible strands extending radially of the tire the belt 337 could be eliminated from tire section 317 and belt 337 in tire section 318 would be of circumferentially inextensible cloth to stabilize the outer diameter of the tire 310.

So long as the two sections 317 and 318 remain separable a tube 320 is preferred, the inflation of which on rim 311 forces the serrations 328 and 328 into locking engagement to complete the tire 310. Of course, if the arch portions 326 and 326' are sealingly joined, as by applying an adhesive means 349 between arches 326 and 326', a tubeless tire would be provided.

It should therefore be apparent that a pneumatic tire, according to the above-described concept, can be readily and inexpensively molded from elastomeric material and assembled without the drawbacks incident to prior known constructions. And further, that the other objects of the invention are also fully accomplished.

What is claimed is:

1. A method for molding a pneumatic tire comprising the steps of, fabricating an annualar cavity of generally sickle-shaped cross section into a mold, stretching a circularly knit sleeve through at least a portion of said cavity, introducing an elastomeric material into said mold cavity, curing said elastomeric material, removing the tire section thus formed in said mold cavity, and joining two said tire sections to form a tire.

2. A method for molding a pneumatic tire comprising the steps of, fabricating an annular, axially oriented tang trough, an axially oriented arch trough and a generally radially oriented connecting passage in a mold to form an integral cavity of generally sickle-shaped cross section, positioning a first belt of inextensible reinforcing cloth in said tang trough, positioning a second belt of inextensible reinforcing cloth in said arch trough, introducing an elastomeric material into said mold cavity, curing said elastomeric material, removing the tire section thus formed in said mold cavity, and joining two said tire sections to form a tire.

3. A method for molding a pneumatic tire with a mold and interfitting core defining an annular cavity therebetween of generally sickle-shaped cross section with a tang, arch and connecting portions, positioning a first belt of inextensible cloth in the tang portion of said cavity, positioning a second belt of inextensible cloth in the arch portion of said cavity, stretching a circularly knit sleeve across at least the connecting portion of said cavity, charging the cavity with an elastomeric material, curing the elastomeric material, removing the molded tire section, and joining two such tire sections to form a tire.

4. A method, as set forth in claim 3, which includes the steps of providing a second mold and interfitting core defining an annular cavity for molding a tread section, positioning a third belt of inextensible cloth in said annular cavity, charging the cavity with an elastomeric material, curing the elastomeric material, removing the molded tread section and joining said tire sections with said tread section.

5. A method, as set forth in claim 4, which includes the steps of chasing annular grooves of angular cross section in the arch face forming the radially outer side of the arch portion of the cavity in which said tire sections are molded and chasing corresponding peripheral grooves in the core forming the radially inner side of the cavity in which said tread section is molded so that said tire sections and tread section can be joined by interfitting the serrations formed thereby.

6. A method for molding a pneumatic tire comprising the steps of, fabricating an annular, axially oriented tang trough, an axially oriented arched trough and a generally radially oriented connecting passage in a mold to form an integral cavity of generally sickle-shaped cross section, positioning a first belt of inextensible reinforcing cloth in said tang trough, stretching a circularly knit sleeve across at least the connecting portion of said cavity, introducing an elastomeric material into said mold cavity, curing said elasto-meric material, removing the tire section thus formed in said mold cavity, and joining two said tire sections to form a tire.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 6/1913 Haas 152-358 3/ 1936- Lippitt 18-45 2/1950 McNeill 156-125 8/1953 Hinrnan 156-127 3/1954 Weigold et al. 156-125 8/1954 Hinman 156-127 6/1955 Rhodes 156-125 X 2/1959 Cadwell et al. 156-125 9/1959 Reuter 152-330 Great Britain.

HAROLD ANSHER, Primary Examiner.

US. Cl. X.R. 

